extraoral force - definição. O que é extraoral force. Significado, conceito
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O que (quem) é extraoral force - definição

APPARENT FORCE THAT ACTS ON ALL MASSES WHOSE MOTION IS DESCRIBED USING A NON-INERTIAL FRAME OF REFERENCE, SUCH AS A ROTATING REFERENCE FRAME
Inertial force; Fictitious forces; Fictional force; Apparent force; Fictitious Force; Pseudo force; Pseudoforce; Inertial Force; Imaginary force; D'Alembert force; Pseudo-force; Ficticious Force; Effective force; Kinetic reaction
  • Figure 5: Crossing a rotating carousel walking at a constant speed from the centre of the carousel to its edge, a spiral is traced out in the inertial frame, while a simple straight radial path is seen in the frame of the carousel.
  • Figure 4: An orbiting coordinate system ''B'' similar to Figure 3, but in which unit vectors '''u'''<sub>j</sub>, j = 1, 2, 3 rotate to face the rotational axis, while the origin of the coordinate system ''B'' moves at constant angular rate ω about the fixed axis '''Ω'''.
  • In the inertial frame of reference (upper part of the picture), the black ball moves in a straight line. However, the observer (brown dot) who is standing in the rotating/non-inertial frame of reference (lower part of the picture) sees the object as following a curved path due to the Coriolis or centrifugal forces present in this frame.
  • Figure 2: An object located at '''x'''<sub>A</sub> in inertial frame ''A'' is located at location '''x'''<sub>B</sub> in accelerating frame ''B''. The origin of frame ''B'' is located at '''X'''<sub>AB</sub> in frame ''A''. The orientation of frame ''B'' is determined by the unit vectors along its coordinate directions, '''u'''<sub>j</sub> with ''j'' = 1, 2, 3. Using these axes, the coordinates of the object according to frame ''B'' are '''x'''<sub>B</sub> = ( '''''x'''''<sub>1</sub>, '''''x'''''<sub>2</sub>, '''''x'''''<sub>3</sub>).
  • Figure 3: An orbiting but fixed orientation coordinate system ''B'', shown at three different times. The unit vectors '''u'''<sub>j</sub>, j = 1, 2, 3 do ''not'' rotate, but maintain a fixed orientation, while the origin of the coordinate system ''B'' moves at constant angular rate ω about the fixed axis '''Ω'''. Axis '''Ω''' passes through the origin of inertial frame ''A'', so the origin of frame ''B'' is a fixed distance ''R'' from the origin of inertial frame ''A''.
  • Rain and shell frame perspectives of physical (red) and fictitious (blue) forces for an object that rolls off a cliff.
  • Map and spin frame perspectives of physical (red) and fictitious (blue) forces for an object released from a carousel

Lorentz force         
  • Lorentz' theory of electrons. Formulas for the Lorentz force (I, ponderomotive force) and the [[Maxwell equations]] for the [[divergence]] of the [[electrical field]] E (II) and the [[magnetic field]] B (III), ''La théorie electromagnétique de Maxwell et son application aux corps mouvants'', 1892, p. 451. ''V'' is the velocity of light.
  • Lorentz force -image on a wall in Leiden
  • ''dV''}} and varies throughout the continuum.
  • '''B'''}} field]] vary in space and time.
  • Right-hand rule for a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field ''B''
FORCE EXERTED ON A CHARGE IN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
Lorentz equation; Magnetic force; Lorenz force; VxB force; Lorentz Force Law; Lorentz force law; Lorentz Force; Magnetic Force; Lorentz forces; Lorentz law; Laplace force; F=qv X B
In physics (specifically in electromagnetism) the Lorentz force (or electromagnetic force) is the combination of electric and magnetic force on a point charge due to electromagnetic fields. A particle of charge moving with a velocity in an electric field and a magnetic field experiences a force of
Magnetic Force         
  • Lorentz' theory of electrons. Formulas for the Lorentz force (I, ponderomotive force) and the [[Maxwell equations]] for the [[divergence]] of the [[electrical field]] E (II) and the [[magnetic field]] B (III), ''La théorie electromagnétique de Maxwell et son application aux corps mouvants'', 1892, p. 451. ''V'' is the velocity of light.
  • Lorentz force -image on a wall in Leiden
  • ''dV''}} and varies throughout the continuum.
  • '''B'''}} field]] vary in space and time.
  • Right-hand rule for a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field ''B''
FORCE EXERTED ON A CHARGE IN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
Lorentz equation; Magnetic force; Lorenz force; VxB force; Lorentz Force Law; Lorentz force law; Lorentz Force; Magnetic Force; Lorentz forces; Lorentz law; Laplace force; F=qv X B
The forces of attraction and repulsion exercised by a magnet. By Ampere's theory it is identical with the forces of attraction and repulsion of electric currents.
Lorentz force         
  • Lorentz' theory of electrons. Formulas for the Lorentz force (I, ponderomotive force) and the [[Maxwell equations]] for the [[divergence]] of the [[electrical field]] E (II) and the [[magnetic field]] B (III), ''La théorie electromagnétique de Maxwell et son application aux corps mouvants'', 1892, p. 451. ''V'' is the velocity of light.
  • Lorentz force -image on a wall in Leiden
  • ''dV''}} and varies throughout the continuum.
  • '''B'''}} field]] vary in space and time.
  • Right-hand rule for a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field ''B''
FORCE EXERTED ON A CHARGE IN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
Lorentz equation; Magnetic force; Lorenz force; VxB force; Lorentz Force Law; Lorentz force law; Lorentz Force; Magnetic Force; Lorentz forces; Lorentz law; Laplace force; F=qv X B
¦ noun Physics the force exerted by a magnetic field on a moving electric charge.
Origin
1930s: named after the Dutch theoretical physicist Hendrik Antoon Lorentz.

Wikipédia

Fictitious force

A fictitious force is a force that appears to act on a mass whose motion is described using a non-inertial frame of reference, such as a linearly accelerating or rotating reference frame. It is related to Newton's second law of motion, which treats forces for just one object.

Passengers in a vehicle accelerating in the forward direction may perceive they are acted upon by a force moving them into the direction of the backrest of their seats for instance. An example in a rotating reference frame may be the impression that it is a force which seems to move objects outward toward the rim of a centrifuge or carousel.

The fictitious force called a pseudo force might also be referred to as a body force. It is due to an object's inertia when the reference frame does not move inertially any more but begins to accelerate relative to the free object. In terms of the example of the passenger vehicle, a pseudo force seems to be active just before the body touches the backrest of the seat in the car. A person in the car leaning forward first moves a bit backward in relation to the already accelerating car, before touching the backrest. The motion in this short period just seems to be the result of a force on the person; i.e., it is a pseudo force. A pseudo force does not arise from any physical interaction between two objects, such as electromagnetism or contact forces. It's just a consequence of the acceleration a of the physical object the non-inertial reference frame is connected to, i.e. the vehicle in this case. From the viewpoint of the respective accelerating frame, an acceleration of the inert object appears to be present, apparently requiring a "force" for this to have happened.

As stated by Iro:

Such an additional force due to nonuniform relative motion of two reference frames is called a pseudo-force.

The pseudo force on an object arises as an imaginary influence when the frame of reference used to describe the object's motion is accelerating compared to a non-accelerating frame. The pseudo force "explains," using Newton's second law mechanics, why an object does not follow Newton's second law and "floats freely" as if weightless. As a frame may accelerate in any arbitrary way, so may pseudo forces also be as arbitrary (but only in direct response to the acceleration of the frame). An example of a pseudo force as defined by Iro is the Coriolis force, maybe better to be called: the Coriolis effect; The gravitational force would also be a fictitious force (pseudo force), based upon a field model in which particles distort spacetime due to their mass, such as in the theory of general relativity.

Assuming Newton's second law in the form F = ma, fictitious forces are always proportional to the mass m.

The fictitious force that has been called an inertial force is also referred to as a d'Alembert force, or sometimes as a pseudo force. D'Alembert's principle is just another way of formulating Newton's second law of motion. It defines an inertial force as the negative of the product of mass times acceleration, just for the sake of easier calculations.

(A d'Alembert force is not to be confused with a contact force arising from the physical interaction between two objects, which is the subject of Newton's third law – 'action is reaction'. In terms of the example of the passenger vehicle above, a contact force emerges when the body of the passenger touches the backrest of the seat in the car. It is present for as long as the car is accelerated.)

Four fictitious forces have been defined for frames accelerated in commonly occurring ways:

  • one caused by any acceleration relative to the origin in a straight line (rectilinear acceleration);
  • two involving rotation: centrifugal force and Coriolis effect
  • and a fourth, called the Euler force, caused by a variable rate of rotation, should that occur.